As the national debate intensifies around immigration, a new study of the Faculty of Global Policy and Strategy of the University of California is challenging conventional wisdom on the “brain leakage”, the idea that when qualified workers emigrate from developing countries, their domestic economies suffer.
Posted in ScienceThe document reveals that highly qualified emigration of developing countries can promote economic development, human capital and innovation in the countries of origin of migrants.
With the United States experiencing radical immigration policy changes, which include stricter work visa rules, student visas restrictions and return migration barriers, the new research highlights how these changes reverberate through the labor market and labor economies of the United States worldwide.
“Global prosperity increases when countries have access to US labor markets,” said Gaurav Khanna, study co -author and associated professor at the School of Global Policy and Strategy of the UC San Diego. “And the benefits of the United States when they continue to attract the best global talent, whether they are technological innovative or trained nurses. But if we close the door, we run the risk of losing those global gains.”
Migration creates shared prosperity through borders
Research offers convincing evidence that the opportunity to migrate to countries like the United States encourages people in low -income countries to invest in education and training, creating downstream effects that strengthen both domestic countries and hosts.
The researchers also found that highly qualified migrants often maintain professional ties through borders, facilitating trade, investment and innovation. Migrants returning from the US to their countries of origin, for example, have helped connect national companies with international supply chains and research associations.
“Many commercial works through human networks,” Khanna said. “If you have worked in the United States and return home, meet people, standards, markets, and can help build commercial relationships. That creates a lasting value.”
A global chain reaction
The document documented how extended migration opportunities can trigger a positive chain reaction. When the United States increased access to the nursing visa for the Filipinos, for example, registration in nursing schools increased, creating nine new nurses in the Philippines for each one they emigrated. Similar trends were observed in India, where the greatest access to H-1B visas increased the profits of the Indians in the US. UU. By 10% and increased employment in India by 5.8%.
Khanna and Yale co -authors, Cornell, the World Bank and other institutions argue that recent changes in the risk of immigration of the United States underline both the innovation of the United States and global progress.
“Obtaining a salary from the United States is incredibly lucrative,” said Khanna, who is an affiliate of the faculty in the center of the 21st century centurio, he explained. “That motivates many people to acquire skills even if they never leave. Some eventually return home and work in their local economy; others return money that helps educate children or launch business. All this contributes to development. And for the United States, when staying open to global talent, the country strengthens both their economy and the widest world.”
To understand whether highly qualified emigration helps or harms countries that leave behind people, the authors reviewed dozens of recent studies that took advantage of natural experiments. These include sudden changes in visa policies, international lotteries and other real world events. Then, the authors analyzed how people and economies changed in response to these events, and compared them with similar groups that were not affected.